Experts explain in detail: What 5G brings to energy storage

"For ordinary people, the application of 5G may be faster network speed and smoother watching videos, but if 5G is limited to these applications, it would be too wasteful."

　　 Ma Yanxu, director of the Information Energy Institute of China Mobile Communications Group Design Institute Co., Ltd., emphasized on multiple occasions that 5G networks are mainly for industrial services, including energy storage in energy systems.

　　 According to data from China Industry Information Network, my country added 130,000 5G base stations in 2019, and the corresponding new energy storage demand is about 1.9~3.1 GWh.

2021 hermes - According to the "2020 Energy Storage Industry Application Research Report" (hereinafter referred to as the "Report") recently released, it is estimated that the number of 5G base stations in my country will exceed 600,000 by the end of this year.

　　 "It is estimated that by the end of 2020, the backup power storage demand brought by 5G base stations is about 1 billion watt-hours/year." said Jiang Weiliang, deputy director of the Industrial Policy Research Center of the Energy Storage Application Branch of the China Chemical and Physical Power Supply Association.

　　The power consumption is 3~4 times that of 4G

　　 As a next-generation economic growth point, 5G networks have attracted much attention from all over the world.

　　 At the 5G Innovation and Development Summit Forum held recently, Huang Yuhong, vice president of China Mobile Research Institute, introduced that there are currently more than 100 operators in the world using 5G networks, and China has made a huge contribution.

　　 Even during the epidemic, China Mobile alone has built more than 300,000 5G base stations in 340 cities across the country, and plans to reach 350,000 by the end of the year.

　　 "As the construction of 5G base stations accelerates, my country needs to build or renovate at least 14.38 million base stations." Experts said that the base stations themselves can store valley electricity, so 5G base stations are also important energy storage devices.

　　 5G has the characteristics of high broadband, high traffic, and high transmit power. At the same time, the number of transceiver channels has increased significantly, but this also leads to an increase in its power consumption. According to statistics, the power consumption of 5G equipment is 3 to 4 times that of 4G with the same configuration.

　　In other words, operating a 5G network with the energy efficiency of base stations in the 4G era will double the energy waste.

According to the "Report", due to the 5G construction on the existing network, the existing site is mainly facing the problem of insufficient power supply capacity, resulting in 90% of the existing power supply needing expansion and transformation, high investment and long construction period; and for new sites, it also faces the problem of site selection and mains power supply. High cost issues such as introduction and installation works account for more than 90% of construction costs.

Jiang Weiliang said that in the era of 2G, 3G, and 4G, site power is dominated by passive response and lack of active planning, resulting in the superimposition of multiple power sources, mismatching power, power distribution, and space, low system operation efficiency, and operation and maintenance of multiple power sources. Big question.

　　 "If the traditional construction plan continues in the 5G era, it will bring about a lot of infrastructure transformation and idle waste of resources."

　　 At the same time, facing the massive 5G network sites, the current average annual operation and maintenance costs of most operators range from tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of yuan per station. If traditional operation and maintenance methods are adopted and rely on manual site maintenance, the cost will be greatly increased.

　　 Another pain point of 5G base station construction comes from the power support.

"There are 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G different systems in a station. 2G and 3G are not dominated by my country. They mainly purchase foreign equipment. The equipment in a country is the same, and the power supply is very complicated." What worries Ma Yanxu is that the base station The space is gone, new equipment cannot be added, and the load-bearing capacity of the computer room is not enough.

　　 Therefore, for 5G base stations, how to improve the energy efficiency of the power supply scheme and control costs is extremely urgent.

　　 Lithium iron phosphate battery is popular

　　 At present, there are two main types of base station batteries: lead-acid batteries and lithium batteries. The former is large and heavy, and requires high room space and load. It is gradually being replaced by small and light lithium batteries. Lithium iron phosphate batteries are popular due to their low installation cost and long service life, and they have been applied in practice.

　　 More importantly, the number of charging and discharging of lithium iron phosphate batteries can reach 3500~5000 times; the energy density can reach 100~110 Wh/kg, which is higher than that of lead batteries.

　　 Since 2020, China Tower Co., Ltd. has issued 24 tender notices in 20 provinces and cities, with a total budget of more than 89.45 million yuan. Many tenders require the purchase of lithium iron phosphate batteries. China Mobile Communications Group Co., Ltd. also issued a purchase order for 1.95 GWh of lithium iron phosphate batteries in early March 2020.

　　 Li Jianlin, a professor at the Energy Storage Technology Engineering Research Center of North China University of Technology, and others wrote an article that lithium batteries are used in the energy storage system of operating sites in the 4G era, but the environment of communication base stations in the 5G era is more complicated and the requirements for energy storage systems are more stringent.

　　Flexibility, intelligence and efficiency are the key(hermes belts for sale)

During the interview, "China Science News" learned that based on the design concept of "flexibility, intelligence, and efficiency", the industry proposed the intelligent digital power supply technology of "integrated development and dynamic matching", which is specifically reflected in the development of multi-energy integration, the digitalization of power equipment and battery equipment Intelligent.

Taking the development of multi-energy integration as an example, Jiang Weiliang said that it is possible to integrate multiple energy sources such as utility power, new energy, and stock power into a system to realize intelligent dispatch of energy input, and give priority to the use of new energy and low-cost energy; simultaneously access Existing power supply margin, smooth evolution, improving resource utilization, and reducing construction investment.

　　 In terms of output and power distribution, it is possible to consider the realization of multi-voltage intelligent output, matching the power supply requirements of business equipment, configuration on demand, and flexible expansion.

　　 The 5G base station integrated energy cabinet independently developed by China Mobile Design Institute is a smart digital energy product.

　　 It is reported that the product is mainly composed of intelligent multiple-input multiple-output power supply unit, intelligent lithium battery unit and cabinet, which can realize multiple energy input and multiple output, supports parallel output of new and old power supplies, and effectively solves problems such as insufficient power supply capacity.

"The product has the characteristics of no mains power transformation, no power source transformation, and battery-free transformation." Ma Yanxu said, "For example, after the construction of a base station requires equipment from various manufacturers to be in place, the construction team installs the connection circuits and wires on site, and a base station The installation time of the power supply equipment of China generally takes 2 to 3 days, but now the integrated energy cabinet only takes two to three hours."

　　 It is worth mentioning that compared with the traditional construction plan, the use of 5G base station integrated energy cabinets can shorten the transformation cycle by about 90%, reduce capital expenditure by 30% to 40%, and increase the energy efficiency of the entire station by 8% to 17%.

It is reported that China Mobile Design Institute continues to actively expand Hong Kong, Macau, Taiwan and overseas diversified markets. After the iConnect Week global operator online seminar held by China Mobile not long ago, overseas customers such as South Africa, Thailand, and the UAE have expressed clear purchase intentions. Thailand It has even begun to conduct pre-purchase equipment testing in accordance with the requirements of the operator True.