The shortest time span measured by humans to date

A few days ago, German scientists wrote in the recent "Science" magazine that for the first time they studied a process that took place much shorter than femtoseconds. They measured the average time it takes for a photon to pass through a hydrogen molecule of 247 square seconds (2.47× 10-19 seconds), this is the shortest time that scientists have successfully measured so far. The study uses X-rays emitted by the laser source PETRA Ⅲ on the electron synchrotron to irradiate hydrogen molecules, and photons will generate electron waves in the electron cloud of hydrogen molecules. The peaks and troughs of these electronic waves cancel each other out when they meet, forming a so-called interference image. Using the COLTRIMS reaction microscope, the researchers determined the position of the interference image and hydrogen atoms, and made the ultra-fast reaction process within the atoms and molecules clearly visible. The researcher said: "Because we know the spatial position of the hydrogen molecule, we use the interference of two electron waves to accurately calculate the time for the photon to reach the two hydrogen atoms: at most 247 square seconds."

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